Card printing machine



y 1952 K. F. OLDENBURG ET AL 3,031,954

CARD PRINTING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 13. 1959 May 1, 1962 K. F. OLDENBURG ET AL CARD PRINTING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 13, 1959 May 1, 1962 K. F. OLDENBURG ET AL 3,031,954

CARD PRINTING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April 13, 1959 m H LHM y 1952 K. F. OLDENBURG ET AL 3,031,954

CARD PRINTING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed April 13, 1959 y 1952 K. F. OLDENBURG ET AL 3,031,954

CARD PRINTING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed April 13, 1959 UH P IHHHH United States Patent 3,031,954 CARD PRINTING MACHINE Kenneth F. Oldenburg, Monterey Park, and Richard S. Mark, Arcadia, Calif., assignors to Clary Corporation, San Gabriel, Califl, a corporation of California Filed Apr. 13, 1959, Ser. No. 805,929 13 Claims. (Cl. 101-93) This invention relates to printing machines. However, it is understood that with slight modification it would be applicable to certain types of calculating machines such as adding machines capable of performing addition, subtraction and/or multiplication and division calculations, and printing the results of said calculations.

One object of the present invention is to print data on a pgeselected line of a record medium, such as a punched car Another object is to automatically position a record medium relative to a printing platen.

Another object is to prevent operation of the machine until the operator has performed all necessary preparations for a printing operation.

The manner in which the above and other objects of the invention are accomplished will be readily understood on reference to the following specification when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying a preferred form of the invention. 7

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, with parts broken away, of the machine illustrating the keyboard, racks and printing wheels for selectively printing desired data on cards.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the row of line selector keys and rack control train for effecting line selection.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating the actuating device for advancing and retracting the platen to different line positions.

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing the actuating device in half cycle position. 1

FIG.. 6 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line 6-6 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken through the keyboard showing the key release mechanism.

FIG. 8 shows the cam, cam follower and linkage for actuating the key release mechanism.

FIG. 9 illustrates a typical punched card.

FIG. 10 shows the clutch and control mechanism therefor.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the electrical control circuitry for the machine.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a portion of the platen and card controlled switches carried thereby.

The particular embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is adapted to the well known commercially available Clary adding machine, whose various operating instrumentalities are basically disclosed and claimed in the Patent No. 2,583,810 issued to R. E. Boyden on January 29, 1952. The particular printing mechanism incorporated in the machine is disclosed in the Patent No. 2,682,994 issued to R. E. Boyden on July 6, 1954. Accordingly, for the sake of brevity, reference is hereby made to said patents for an understanding of details of mechanism not specifically disclosed herein.

For printing on a selected row on a record card, an operator first enters the number to be printed by depressing respective keys 10 (FIG. 1) of a keyboard 11, and then depresses one of a series of line selecting keys corresponding to the particular lateral row of a cord 13 (FIG. 9) that is to be printed on. The latter is depicted 3,031,954 Patented May 1, 1962 as a standard punchedcard used to control accounting machine equipment or the like.

Placing the card in a guide chute 14, and pulling a lever 15 to its extreme forward position, the machine will automatically take over completing the printing operation, clearing the keyboard and leaving the machine ready for the'neXt operation.

If an operator should forget to depress a line selecting key 12, or should forget to place the card in the chute 14, the machine will not operate when the lever 15 is subsequently pulled forward, thereby eliminating any possible errors.

If the operator should enter a wrong amount in the keyboard, or'should select the wrong line to print on, all keys depressed may be released by depressing a correction key 16, and the right amounts may be entered without operating the machine.

The machine comprises a series of denominational orders, each including a differential actuator rack 17 (FIG. 2) and a bank of nine amount keys 10 ranging indigital values from one to nine. Each of the keys comprises a key top 19 and a key stem 20 guided in aligned slots formed in a top plate 21 and a bottom plate 22, comprising a keyboard frame supported by the frame of the machine.

The bottoms of the key stems cooperate with spaced shoulders 23 formed on the upper edge of the aligned rack 17 to limit the forward advance of the rack to a distance corresponding to the value of the depressed key.

Means are provided for locking any of the keys 10 in its depressed position and for releasing any other depressed key in the same bank. For this purpose, each key stem has a cam lobe 24 (FIG. 7) formed on one edge thereof and arranged so that when the key is depressed it engages a locking bail 25. The latter is pivoted at-either end thereof to front and rear upstanding walls of the plate 22 by trunnion bearings 26-. As the key is further depressed its cam lobe will rock the bail 25 outwardly and as the lobe passes below the bail, the latter will retract partially under the action of a spring 27 to a position wherein it latches the key depressed.

A zeroblock 28 extends downwardly from the looking bail 25, and, when no key is depressed, the bail will locate the zero block in a position directly in front of one of the stop shoulders 23 of the associated rack, thereby preventing substantial forward movement of the rack during a subsequent cycle of the machine. However, when any amount key is depressed and latched down, the locking bail 25 will be held outward sufficiently to retain the associated zero block out of the path of the aligned rack.

The various racks 17 are guided for fore and aft movement by shafts 30 and 31 embraced by guide slots 32 and 33, respectively, in each rack.

The machine is driven by a suitable motor (not shown) through a cyclic clutch generally indicated at 34 (FIG. 10), the driven side of which is operatively connected to a rotatable drive shaft 35. The latter is elfective (through means not shown), during rotation thereof to advance the shaft 30 from its full line position illustrated at FIG. 2 to its dotted line position 30a during the first half of a machine cycle and to thereafter return the shaft during the latter half of the cycle.

The clutch 34 is controlled by a clutch dog 36, normally urged. by a spring 37 into its illustrated position where it maintains the clutch in disengaged position. Counterclockwise rocking of the clutch dog about its pivot point 39 by means later described, will enable engagement of the clutch to drive the shaft 35 through a complete cycle.

Means are provided for enabling the drive shaft 30 to yieldably advance the various racks 17 through nine increments of travel or until arrested by depressed amount keys during a machine operation. For this purpose, each of the racks 17 is yieldably connected to the shaft 3% by a pair of opposed driving pawls 33 pivotally mounted on the shaft 30 and provided with rollers 40 normally engaging in lateral depressions formed at the closed end of the rack slot 32. A spring 41 extending between the pawls normally holds the'rollers 40 in the slot depressions until the rack is arrested. Then the rollers move out of the depressions and ride along the edges of slot 32.

Reference is now made to FIG. 3, which illustrates the column of line selection keys 12, for selecting a predetermined line of the card on which to print. The keys 12 and their relationship with the aligned rack 42' are the same as those for the amount keys 1%), aforedescribed, except that the rack 42, instead of being driven by the drive shaft 39, will be indirectly driven by hand. In this case, the shaft 30 merely acts as a guide in a slot 43 of the rack.

When a key in bank 12 is depressed, the outward rocking of the associated bail 25 will close a normally open switch 29, whose function will later be described.

Upon forward rocking of the actuating lever 15, which is keyed to a shaft 57, a drive arm 45 (FIGS. 4, and 6), mounted freely on the shaft 57, will rotate with the lever under the influence of a torsion spring 44. Upon rocking forward, the arm 45 will contact a pin 46, which is attached to a chain sprocket 47 freely mounted on the shaft 57, causing rotation of the sprocket 47, which, in turn, through a chain 50, will drive a chain sprocket 48, keyed to a shaft 53 mounted in bushings set in the machine frame.

A gear 51, in mesh with a double width gear 52, and being keyed on the shaft 53 with the chain sprocket 48, will therefore drive the gear 52. The latter meshes with teeth 54 of the rack 42, whereby to drive said rack forwarduntil it is arrested by a depressed key 12.

An arcuate platen 55 is attached by a sleeve 56 to the chain sprocket 47, and as, the sprocket 47 rotates, the platen will follow through a predetermined are relative to the forward movement of the rack. As the rack is arrested by a depressed key 12, the platen will also be arrested at its respective position, which means that the line of the card to be printed now lies at a point P in preparation for a print operation.

In FIG. 4 which illustrates the platen 55 in its rest position, it will be noted that there is an angular displacement between the pin 46 and the drive arm 45. During the first stage of its forward movement, and before the arm 45 engages the pin, cams 60 on the shaft 57 operate against cam followers, one of which is shown at 62. Each cam follower is pivoted on a shaft 63 attached to the side frames 65 of the platen. Gear teeth 64 on the cam follower mesh with-a gear 61 which carries an eccentric gripping roller 58, made of a somewhat spongy material such as soft rubber.v As the roller 58 rotates it will grip the card 13 that has been placed in the chute 14, driving the card down to the bottom of the chute 14. The card passes between a support plate 66 carried by the platen and the roller 58'. Since the roller is-eccentric it will grip the card tighter as it lowers it into place so that when the platen subsequently rotates the card will be carried with it relative to the card chute 14 which is suitably supported by the machine framework.

It will be noted that the two gripper roller assemblies are located at each end of the platen to ensure that the card is parallel with the printing line P.

As the card approaches its lowermost position relative to the platen, it engages levers, one of which is shown at 135 (FIG. 12), each lever being pivoted at 136 on a respective one of normally open switches 67 and 67a carried by the platen. These switches are located adjacent the opposite ends of the platen. Further downward movement of the card rocks the levers 135 to the alternate position shown by the dot-dash lines 135a, thereby closing the switches 67 and 67a. At this time, the arms abut against the ledge 137 on the support plate 66, thereby limiting downward movement of the card relative to the platen. If the card is not properly positioned, i.e., if it isin a skewed position with one end raised, one or the other of the switches will not be closed.

When the lever 15 is pulled forward to the point that the rack is arrested by a depressed key, all directly influenced mechanisms that are loose on shaft 57 will stop. As the lever 15 continues moving forward its leg 68, carrying a latch 70 pivoted thereto at 75, approaches a normally open switch 71 and its support member 72. The latch 70 normally rests against a shoulder 73 under the influence of a tension spring 74 connected between the latch and the leg 68 of the lever 15. The latch 70 upon striking a surface 76 of the support member 72, will be lifted from the shoulder 73 onto the surface 76. Then, as the lever 15 reaches its forward position the latch under the influence of the spring 74 will snap down from the surface 76, contacting a plunger 71a of the switch 71 to close the same, and simultaneously latching the lever 15 against return.

A printer, generally indicated at 77 (FIG. 2), comprises a series of numeral printing wheels 78, each operatively associated with a respective one of the racks 17. Each printing wheel has spaced around its periphery a series of digit type ranging in value from 0 to 9 and these wheels are so entrained with their racks 17 that they will print digits corresponding to the numerical positions to which the respective racks are moved during their forward advancement.

Each wheel 78 is rotatably mounted on a separate lever 80 which is loosely keyed on a printer control shaft 81 and is spring urged clockwise by a tension spring 82. A gear 83 integral with each wheel is permanently meshed with a gear 84 also rotatably mounted on the associated printer lever 80. Except during printing operations, the levers 80 are held by the control shaft 81 in their positions shown in FIG. 2. wherein each of the gears 84 meshes with one of a series of idler gears 85 rotatably mounted on a fixed support shaft 86. The latter idler gears are continuously enmeshed with offset rack sections 37 carried by the various racks 17.

During the printing phase of a machine cycle and after the rack drive shaft 30 has reached its dotted line position 30a and before its return, the printer control shaft 81 is rocked clockwise by means (not shown) permitting the springs 82 to rock the lovers 80 clockwise to effect printing. The shaft 81 is then returned to its original position to return the levers 80 to mesh the gears 84 with the idlers 85 before the racks are returned.

The key release mechanism illustrated in FIGS. 7 and I 8 comprises a cam 88, keyed to the drive shaft 35, and a bell crank pivoted on the aforementioned cross shaft 31. The bell crank on its lower end carries a cam follower roller 91, which rides on the periphery of the cam 88, and on its upper end it is pivoted at 92 to a slide link 93. A tension spring 89 at the forward end of link 93 tends to rock bell crank 90 counterclockwise holding cam follower roller 91 against the cam 88. Means (not shown) guide link for longitudinal movement. Link '93 carries a protruding pin 94 which, when the link 93 is actuated, rocks a bell crank 95, pivoted on shaft 196, in a counterclockwise direction. An arm 96 of the bell crank underlies an arm of a bell crank 97 (FIG. 7) so as to actuate the same.

The bell crank 97, pivotally supported at 98, is pivotally connected to one end of a link 101, the latter being pivoted at its opposite end to a link 103, pivotally supported at 184. Thus, upon actuation of the bell crank 97 the link 101 will move to the right. The link 101 carries protruding edges 105 which, when the link 101 is pulled to the right, will contact projections 186 of the aforementioned locking bails 25, rocking the lock bails outwardly to allow tension springs 107 to return the keys, i.e. 19, to their normal positions.

Throughout the specification, in describing diiferent mechanical operations there has been mention that certain operations will close a particular switch; The switch 29 (FIGS. 3 and 11) is closed by the locking bail 25 of the line selection keys 12. The switches 67 and 67a (FIGS. 4 and 11) are closed by the card 13 when it reaches its fully positioned location on the platen, and the switch 71 (FIGS. 4, 5 and 11) is closed when the actuating lever 15 reaches its forward position. These switches are arranged in series (FIG. 11) with a clutch control solenoid 108 (see also FIG. across a power supply circuit 99. Armature 109 of the solenoid 108 is pivoted to a link 111, the latter being pivoted to the clutch dog 36.

When all preliminary steps have been completed a circuit will be completed through the above noted switches to energize the solenoid 108. Upon actuation of the armature 109, the clutch dog 36 is rocked counterclockwise in FIG. 10, effecting engagement of the clutch 34. A switch control lever 112, riding on an ear 113 of the clutch dog 36, is thereby rocked clockwise about its pivot 114 allowing the plunger of a normally open switch 115 to close said switch, completing a circuit to a machine motor 116.

In order to more completely understand the functioning of the machine and the manner of operating the same a printing operation will now be described.

The operator will first place a card 13 to be printed in the chute 14. He then depresses the amount keys 10 representative of the number to be printed, and the key 12 indicative of the line on the card to be printed. The operator will then pull the actuating lever forward, which will first through cam action on the levers 62, rotate the gripper rollers 58, to position the card in its predetermined position. At this point the drive arm 45 will pick up the pin 46 attached to the platen 55, rotating said platen. At the same time, the chain 50 will drive the chain sprocket 48 and the associated gears to advance the rack 42 until it is arrested by the depressed key 12 representative of the position of the line on the card on which the number is to be printed.

The platen 55 being free on shaft 57, will allow the actuating lever to continue forward to its forward most position, allowing latch 70 to close switch 71 which will complete a circuit to the clutch control solenoid, considering all preliminary procedures have been completed. Thus, during the printing phase of the cycle the amount set up on the keyboard will be printed on the selected line on the card, as exemplified at 150 in FIG. 9.

In FIGS. 4 and 5 it will he noted that latch 70 carries a tab 117. When the machine fails to operate due to lack of proper preparation, the latch 70 may be released from its entrapment by support frame 72 by lifting up on the tab 117. The lever 15, under action of a tension spring 118, attached at one end to a pin 131 on leg 68 and attached at the other end to the machine frame, will return lever 15 to its initial position of FIG. 4. The lever 15 will thus permit return'of the platen 55 and the rack 42 to their respective rest positions, allowing the operator to correct his error, without needless operation of the machine, or waste of cards.

Upon engagement of the clutch 34, the racks 17 advance until arrested by depressed keys 10 and, through oifset rack sections 87, they set the print wheels 78. At

approximately half cycle, the print wheels are rocked into contact with an ink ribbon 120 and card 13 against a rubber backing layer 140 suitably bonded on the platen 55 to effect a print. Before the racks begin their rearward movement the print wheels will be returned to their normal positions shown in FIG. 2.

. The key release cam 88 (FIG. 8 is so timedthat it will effect the key release. afterthe printing operation has 6 been completed and the racks are being returned to their home positions.

Means are provided to release the lever 15 to its initial position of FIG. 4 after the printing operation. For this purpose, a lever 121 is loosely mounted on the shaft-57 and is connected through a link 125 to a lever 123 pivoted at one end on the shaft 31. The lever 123 carries a cam roller 127 which is held against the periphery of a cam 122, keyed on the drive shaft 35, by a tension spring 128.

After the print operation is completed the cam 122 rocks lever 123 counterclockwise lifting link 125 up so as to rock lever 121 counterclockwise about the shaft 57. A surface 130 of the lever 121 contacts the latch 70 lifting same against the action of the tension spring 74, out of its entrapment by support frame 72.

As the latch 70 is released, the lever 15, under the action of the tension spring 118, follows the lever 121 in returning to its initial position since the pin 131 carried on leg 68 of lever 15, engages against a front surface 132 of lever 121.

As the lever 15 is returned it will permit return of the platen 55 under the action of a tension spring 133 connected between the platen and the machine frame. Since the platen is connected to the rack 42 through the chain 50, the rack 42 will thereby likewise return to its rest position, completing the machine cycle.

Although we have described our invention in detail in its preferred form and therefore have utilized certain specific terms and languages herein, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is illustrative rather than restrictive and that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the claims appended hereto.

Having thus described the invention, what we desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line and a platen, of means supporting said platen for movement relative to said printing line, normally ineffective record medium holding and positioning means on said platen, an actuating device, means operatively connecting said actuating device to said platen and to said hold-,

ing and positioning means, said last mentioned means being effective upon operation of said actuating device to first actuate said holding and positioning means and to thereafter move said platen relative to said printing mechanism, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different positions relative to said printing line, and means controlled jointly by said last mentioned means and said locating means and said actuating device for causing operation of said printing mechanism.

2. In a card printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line and a platen, of means supporting said platen for movement relative to said printing line, record medium gripping means including a device for advancing a record medium to a predetermined position on said platen; an actuating device, means for operatively connecting said actuating device to said platen and to said advancing device to first advance said record medium to said predetermined position and to thereafter move said platen relative to said printing line, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in diiferent positions relative to said printing line, and means controlled jointly by said last mentioned means and said actuating device and said record medium upon movement thereof to said predetermined position for causing operation of said print- I ing mechanism.

3. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism and a platen, of means supporting said platen for movement to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, a device for advancing a record medium to a predetermined position on said platen; means forming a chute for guiding said record medium to said advancing device, an actuating device, 1

means for operatively connecting said actuating device to said platen and to said advancing device, said last mentioned means being effective to actuate said advancing device to advance said record medium from said chute to said predetermined position and to move said platen relative to said printing mechanism and said chute, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different positions relative to said printing mechanism, and means controlled jointly by said last mentioned means and said actuating device and said record medium upon movement thereof to said predetermined position for causing operation or" said printing mechanism.

4. In a printing machine, the combination with a prin ing mechanism and a platen, of means supporting said platen for movement to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, means including a roller adapted to engage and advance a record medium to a predetermined position on said platen; means on said platen rotatably supporting said roller, an actuating device, and means for operatively connecting said actuating device to said platen and to said roller, said last mentioned means being effective to first rotate said roller to advance said record medium to said predetermined position and to thereafter move said platen relative to said printing mechanism, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different positions relative to said printing mechanism, and means controlled jointly by said last mentioned means and said actuating device and said record, medium upon movement thereof to said predetermined position. for causing operation of said print-V ing mechanism.

5. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism, of an arcuateplaten, means for rotatably supporting said platen to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different positions relative to said printing mechanism, a device carried by said platen for engaging and advancing a record medium to a predetermined position on said platen, normally ineffective control means for said machine, means jointly operable by said selectively settable means and by said record medium upon reaching said predetermined position for conditioning said control means for operation, an actuating device, means for operatively connecting said actuating device to said platen and to said engaging and advancing device, said last mentioned means being effective to first actuate said engaging and advancing device to advance said record medium to said predetermined position and to thereafter rotate said platen relative to said printing mechanism, and means responsive to said actuating device upon operation thereof for causing operation of said control means when said control means is conditioned.

6. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line and sponsive jointly-to said last mentioned means and to said locating means and to said actuating device upon oper- 'ation thereof causing operation of said printing mechanisms.

7. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line, of a platen for supporting a record medium, means on said platen for receiving said record medium, means supporting said platen for movement relative to said printing line to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, means for advancing said platen relative to said printing line, means comprising a plurality of depressible keys for selectively controlling the extent of advancement of said platen from an initial position; means controlled jointly by depression of any one of said'keys and insertion of said record medium in said receiving means and by said advancing means for actuating said printing mechanism, and means for thereafter returning said platen to said initial position.

8. In a printing machine, the combination With a printing mechanism and a platen for supporting a record medium, of means on said platen for receiving said record medium, means supporting said platen for movement to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, manually operable means for advancing said platen, means comprising a plurality of depressible keys for selectively controlling the extent of movement of said platen from an initial position; and means controlled jointly by depression of any one of said keys and insertion of said record medium in said receiving means and actuation of said manually operable means for causing said printing mechanism to print data on said record medium.

9. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism and a platen for supporting a record medium, of means on said platen for receiving said record medium, means supporting said platen for movement to present different line positions to said printing mechanism, manually operable means for advancing said platen, means comprising a plurality of depressible keys for selectively controlling the extent of movement of said platen from an initial position; and means controlled jointly by depression of any one of said keys and insertion of said record medium in said receiving means and actuation of said manually operable means for causing said printing mechanism to print data on said record medium and for thereafter returning said platen to said initial position.

10. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism and a platen, of means supporting said platen for movement to present difierent line positions to said printing mechanism, a normally ineffective control device on said platen, means responsive to placement of a record medium in a predetermined position on said platen for rendering said control device effective, manually operable means for advancing said platen, means comprising a plurality of depressible keys for selectively controlling the extent of movement of said platen, and means controlled jointly by depression of any one of said keys, rendering of said control device effective and actuation of said manually operable means for causing said printing mechanism to print data on said record medium.

11. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line and a platen; of means on said platen for receiving said record medium, means supporting said platen for movement relative to said printing line; said platen being adapted to differentially advance a record medium relative to said printing line; selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different line positions relative to said printing line; a manually operable device movable through a predetermined stroke; yieldable means coupling said manually operable device to said platen; and means controlled jointly by insertion of said record medium in said receiving means and actuation of said selectively settable means and said manually operable member as an incident to advancement of said memher to the end of said stroke to cause operation of said printing mechanism.

12. The combination according ing means operable by said last returning said manually operable to claim 11 comprismentioned means for device.

13. In a printing machine, the combination with a printing mechanism positionable at a printing line and a platen, of means on said platen for receiving said rec- 0rd medium, means supporting said platen for movement relative to said printing line, said platen being adapted to differentially advance a record medium relative to said printing line, selectively settable means for arresting said platen in different line positions, yieldable means for advancing said platen, means including a manually operable member movable through a predetermined stroke for actuating said yieldable means, and means controlled jointly by insertion of said record medium in said receiving means and actuation of said selectively settable means and movement of said mem- 15 2,351,854

10 her to the end of said stroke for causing operation of said printing mechanism.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,108,926 Myers Sept. 1, 1914 1,360,063 Waters Nov. 23, 1920 1,603,223 Villeneuve Oct. 12, 1926 1,700,769 Kurowski Feb. 5,1929 1,923,771 Barney Aug. 22, 1933 1,938,703 Lewis a. Dec. 12, 1933 2,004,812 Johnson June 11, 1935 2,084,097 Long June 15, 1937 2,272,098 Smith Feb. 3, 1942 Hall June 20, 1944 

